US researchers have demonstrated a form of nanotube archival memory that can store a memory bit for a billion years, and has a theoretical trillion bits/square inch density.
The researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and the University of California (UC) Berkeley were …
If you care to look at the ground beneath your feet with a microscope, you may observe that our immortal giant invisible overlords have been using this storage mechanism for 4 billion years already.
Is is my imagination or does the diagram on their site look like an abacus? Admittedly it's a really small abacus, but still. Next they'll make a nanotube difference engine and compete with Intel with a tiny mechanical processor...
Presumably reading is fast enough, but what about writing? You have to "shunt" it along the tube until it's past the goal post, which presumably means reading at the same time for error checking....
Dave, check out Neal Stephenson's novel "The Diamond Age" for ideas on that score. In the book, engineering has gone nano-scale, with devices that look like ultra-small versions of old-school Victorian engineering - all pushrods and valves and stuff like that.
Incidentally, there are several things that the article avoids mentioning, hence the other reason for the "fiction" in the title. Yeah, this thing can hold its state for umpty-tum zillion years, and that's great. But it takes about 3s for a bit to change state (according to their data), which seriously limits its usefulness for any purpose except offline backups. They also don't mention anything about how many times it can change state over its lifespan, which is a *very* important issue for a mechanical system. And nor have they checked anything about this thing's stability when it's in an environment with electric fields created by other devices, which is a bit like saying "this amazing ice cube will last for a trillion years without melting" and leaving out the disclaimer of "... if I keep it stored in a freezer for a trillion years".
They're saying that it's a billion years or so for a bit to change state without an external voltage being applied. They're suggesting that it would be thermodynamic instability that would cause the change. To me that sounds like a random process; pertubation due to thermal jiggling (analogous to Brownian motion?), that kind of thing. If so then there's nothing to suggest that that will actually take that long; it might happen tomorrow, it might take 2 billion years, but the average is 1 billion years.
Now if you had a trillion of the tubes making up a memory then that would suggest that once every 1/1000 of a year one of those bits will change state due to thermodynamic instability. That's three-ish bits a day going wrong, on average. Doesn't sound like a very reliable archival system to me. Any harddisk that I know of would outperform that kind of stability.
Just to think, less than 20-ish years ago, we were all taught at school that carbon was available as either diamond or graphite. That's pretty damn clever.
As long as someone leaves a big rock nearby carved with info with on how to interpret the data, this will be a great way to archive the tragic history of humanity for a time when intelligent life forms finally evolve (or land from outer space) that can make use of it.
"The nano-structure was created in a single step by pyrolysis of ferrocene in argon at 1,000 degreees C. The created nanotube elements are dispersed in isopropanol ultrasonically and deposited on a substrate with electrical contacts applied to the ends of the nanotube."
Straight forward enough! Thanks for making that so clearly understandable!
Yes, lots of things, like the space elevator for a start.
I'm frankly embarrassed that physicists working on these kind of projects are so poorly trained that they don't understand some of the most fundamental concepts of materials engineering (which almost any physics student in this country will tell you is nothing more than physics with all the hard maths taken out).
Fundamental concepts like... the equilibrium concentration of thermal defects, fracture mechanics, sp2/sp3 hybridization and all those other 'little' problems affecting the scaling of the achievable mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes. When it's 2nm long it's all fine and good at 1/3 of the theoretical strength, but when the strongest carbon structure past 2mm is weaker than the majority of low-grade steels and still hellishly difficult to make... well, draw your own conclusions.
Have a quick read of the 'Gigatubes' section of this, if you want a much better scientists' explanation;
I don't dispute that materials on the sub micro-scale have behaviours that are exciting and unusual, but the very nature of the beast means that they don't scale very well. You can have one end or the other. Not both.
Off the Rails for a Roam ...... into Contemporary Phish Phormations
#
""The nano-structure was created in a single step by pyrolysis of ferrocene in argon at 1,000 degreees C. The created nanotube elements are dispersed in isopropanol ultrasonically and deposited on a substrate with electrical contacts applied to the ends of the nanotube."
Straight forward enough! Thanks for making that so clearly understandable!" .... By Steve Swann Posted Tuesday 9th June 2009 06:57 GMT
Sounds like Python on Sticky Speed and Sweet Ruby Red Wine, Steve.
And QuITe Perfect for whenever the Future is Steered by what we do Today with what we know of Tomorrow, with the Past only a Never to Return Proxy Memory Occupying the Minds of the Slow-Witted as they are EduTained Sublimely to a Higher Beta Operating Standard.
Here's a link to a CERN paper that describes research that they have done of the stability of their (disc) storage systems. They reckon that their system has silent bit errors in the 10^-7 range. This seems small, but a terabyte of disc may have 3 corrupted files at this rate. What is worse is that you won't know that the files are corrupt - all the error detection has been defeated by the scale of the storage.
I think you've missed the standard caveat that this *years* and *years* away from being practical.
I agree that this is meant for long term storage and to answer you question about stability, you could always shield the chip such that you limit the amount of electric noise exposure, except to the electric currents that you want.
If they can shrink the length of the tube, increase the sensitivity of their measurements, it will be faster.
Imagine if they can, when writing, 'shoot' the metal particle to one wall or the other. Then you have you 1/0 state easily read. My guess is that its the length of tube that helps give it the really long data lifespan. If they shorten it, will it at least last 1000 years? If so, and Moore's law kind of holds, they can probably figure out how to make it small, fast and last a billion years with a couple of decades.
Too bad anyone trying to read it in a billion years will probably lack the technology...
US team create carbon nanotube ultra-memory
US researchers have demonstrated a form of nanotube archival memory that can store a memory bit for a billion years, and has a theoretical trillion bits/square inch density. The researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and the University of California (UC) Berkeley were …
This topic is closed for new posts.
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 14:50 GMT
darkmooink
to be exact #
its actually 10,457,355,285 years, 151 days, 1 hour and 4 minutes, give or take a few leap seconds
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 14:50 GMT
Anonymous Coward
I'm signing up for mine now #
You know how much storage pr0nz takes.....
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 14:50 GMT
SuperTim
I am sick of these nanotubes.... #
Is there nothing they cannot do? I think they may be the next lego.....
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 15:21 GMT
matt
doh! #
just knocked my laptop and reset all the bits to zero
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 15:21 GMT
David
Is this news? #
If you care to look at the ground beneath your feet with a microscope, you may observe that our immortal giant invisible overlords have been using this storage mechanism for 4 billion years already.
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 15:48 GMT
Cullen Newsom
Mechanical memory #
Isn't that something.
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 15:48 GMT
E
Bah #
Gimme a hammer and a blowtorch and I can shorten the thing's lifetime considerably.
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 15:48 GMT
Dave
Abacus? #
Is is my imagination or does the diagram on their site look like an abacus? Admittedly it's a really small abacus, but still. Next they'll make a nanotube difference engine and compete with Intel with a tiny mechanical processor...
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 16:37 GMT
Anonymous Coward
I'm excited about it but #
I don't think P'll place my order just yet. I reckon it sounds like it should be a practical proposition about halfway through that lifetime figure.
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 16:37 GMT
Tony Barnes
Speed? #
Presumably reading is fast enough, but what about writing? You have to "shunt" it along the tube until it's past the goal post, which presumably means reading at the same time for error checking....
Quality idea though!
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 16:37 GMT
Paul Young
May I be the first #
to welcome our tiny tiny, almost never forgetting, nanolords
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 17:11 GMT
DirkGently
Q: What's that? #
A: Oh that's what archaeologists call a Blue Screen Off Death.
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 18:22 GMT
Graham Bartlett
Engineering and fiction #
Dave, check out Neal Stephenson's novel "The Diamond Age" for ideas on that score. In the book, engineering has gone nano-scale, with devices that look like ultra-small versions of old-school Victorian engineering - all pushrods and valves and stuff like that.
Incidentally, there are several things that the article avoids mentioning, hence the other reason for the "fiction" in the title. Yeah, this thing can hold its state for umpty-tum zillion years, and that's great. But it takes about 3s for a bit to change state (according to their data), which seriously limits its usefulness for any purpose except offline backups. They also don't mention anything about how many times it can change state over its lifespan, which is a *very* important issue for a mechanical system. And nor have they checked anything about this thing's stability when it's in an environment with electric fields created by other devices, which is a bit like saying "this amazing ice cube will last for a trillion years without melting" and leaving out the disclaimer of "... if I keep it stored in a freezer for a trillion years".
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 18:22 GMT
amanfromMars
Masters of Reality ....... BetaTesting Rock Chips...... Victoria Falls #
"The researchers say these steps are compatible with common semiconductor manufacturing techniques."
Now that is known in AI Circles as Convenient IntelAIgent Design.
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 18:22 GMT
David Wiernicki
Excellent. #
I look forward to the upcoming 100tb iPod Shuffle.
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 18:22 GMT
bazza
Hang on a mo #
They're saying that it's a billion years or so for a bit to change state without an external voltage being applied. They're suggesting that it would be thermodynamic instability that would cause the change. To me that sounds like a random process; pertubation due to thermal jiggling (analogous to Brownian motion?), that kind of thing. If so then there's nothing to suggest that that will actually take that long; it might happen tomorrow, it might take 2 billion years, but the average is 1 billion years.
Now if you had a trillion of the tubes making up a memory then that would suggest that once every 1/1000 of a year one of those bits will change state due to thermodynamic instability. That's three-ish bits a day going wrong, on average. Doesn't sound like a very reliable archival system to me. Any harddisk that I know of would outperform that kind of stability.
Or have I got my probability thinking wrong?
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 18:34 GMT
Sureo
@bazza #
My 5 month old Seagate 1TB hard drive croaked last week and had to be replaced. Give me carbon nanotube memory any time.
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 20:58 GMT
Anonymous Coward
A question? #
Can one buy shares in the company developing this technology?
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 20:58 GMT
CreamyInTheMiddle
1 Trillion bits? #
So that's a little over a 100 gigabytes. Meh. It's cool, but it's not like it's gonna change the world.
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 20:58 GMT
Cliff
nanotubes are ace #
Just to think, less than 20-ish years ago, we were all taught at school that carbon was available as either diamond or graphite. That's pretty damn clever.
Posted Monday 8th June 2009 23:09 GMT
Blue Pumpkin
Oh dear #
To think we've rediscovered the technology that the those aliens of Rong L Cubbard used in an attempt to transfer all their knowledge to us.
Shame that we thought of it as just coal, never mind ...
Posted Tuesday 9th June 2009 06:31 GMT
Kevin Rudd
Rosetta stone #
As long as someone leaves a big rock nearby carved with info with on how to interpret the data, this will be a great way to archive the tragic history of humanity for a time when intelligent life forms finally evolve (or land from outer space) that can make use of it.
Posted Tuesday 9th June 2009 06:31 GMT
Winkypop
Intertubes! #
Of course!
Posted Tuesday 9th June 2009 07:15 GMT
Steve Swann
Well.....! #
"The nano-structure was created in a single step by pyrolysis of ferrocene in argon at 1,000 degreees C. The created nanotube elements are dispersed in isopropanol ultrasonically and deposited on a substrate with electrical contacts applied to the ends of the nanotube."
Straight forward enough! Thanks for making that so clearly understandable!
Posted Tuesday 9th June 2009 07:15 GMT
David
Re: SuperTim #
Yes, lots of things, like the space elevator for a start.
I'm frankly embarrassed that physicists working on these kind of projects are so poorly trained that they don't understand some of the most fundamental concepts of materials engineering (which almost any physics student in this country will tell you is nothing more than physics with all the hard maths taken out).
Fundamental concepts like... the equilibrium concentration of thermal defects, fracture mechanics, sp2/sp3 hybridization and all those other 'little' problems affecting the scaling of the achievable mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes. When it's 2nm long it's all fine and good at 1/3 of the theoretical strength, but when the strongest carbon structure past 2mm is weaker than the majority of low-grade steels and still hellishly difficult to make... well, draw your own conclusions.
Have a quick read of the 'Gigatubes' section of this, if you want a much better scientists' explanation;
http://www.msm.cam.ac.uk/phase-trans/2005/MST7118.pdf
I don't dispute that materials on the sub micro-scale have behaviours that are exciting and unusual, but the very nature of the beast means that they don't scale very well. You can have one end or the other. Not both.
Posted Tuesday 9th June 2009 09:31 GMT
amanfromMars
Off the Rails for a Roam ...... into Contemporary Phish Phormations #
""The nano-structure was created in a single step by pyrolysis of ferrocene in argon at 1,000 degreees C. The created nanotube elements are dispersed in isopropanol ultrasonically and deposited on a substrate with electrical contacts applied to the ends of the nanotube."
Straight forward enough! Thanks for making that so clearly understandable!" .... By Steve Swann Posted Tuesday 9th June 2009 06:57 GMT
Sounds like Python on Sticky Speed and Sweet Ruby Red Wine, Steve.
And QuITe Perfect for whenever the Future is Steered by what we do Today with what we know of Tomorrow, with the Past only a Never to Return Proxy Memory Occupying the Minds of the Slow-Witted as they are EduTained Sublimely to a Higher Beta Operating Standard.
Posted Tuesday 9th June 2009 09:31 GMT
Paul McConkey
@Bazza - don't trust your discs #
Here's a link to a CERN paper that describes research that they have done of the stability of their (disc) storage systems. They reckon that their system has silent bit errors in the 10^-7 range. This seems small, but a terabyte of disc may have 3 corrupted files at this rate. What is worse is that you won't know that the files are corrupt - all the error detection has been defeated by the scale of the storage.
http://indico.cern.ch/getFile.py/access?contribId=3&sessionId=0&resId=1&materialId=paper&confId=13797
Less scientific review of the paper:
http://storagemojo.com/2007/09/19/cerns-data-corruption-research/
Posted Tuesday 9th June 2009 12:37 GMT
Ian Michael Gumby
@ Graham Bartlett #
I think you've missed the standard caveat that this *years* and *years* away from being practical.
I agree that this is meant for long term storage and to answer you question about stability, you could always shield the chip such that you limit the amount of electric noise exposure, except to the electric currents that you want.
If they can shrink the length of the tube, increase the sensitivity of their measurements, it will be faster.
Imagine if they can, when writing, 'shoot' the metal particle to one wall or the other. Then you have you 1/0 state easily read. My guess is that its the length of tube that helps give it the really long data lifespan. If they shorten it, will it at least last 1000 years? If so, and Moore's law kind of holds, they can probably figure out how to make it small, fast and last a billion years with a couple of decades.
Too bad anyone trying to read it in a billion years will probably lack the technology...
Posted Tuesday 9th June 2009 20:18 GMT
Stuart Halliday
The smaller it is, the easier it is to go wrong #
I hope they take consideration of background radiation?
The smaller they make the memory cell the easier it is for a single particle to alter a whole bit.
I'd love to see what a bolt of ordinary static electricity would also do to this device.
Posted Wednesday 10th June 2009 04:04 GMT
Alan Newbury
That long?? #
Great - That means I can now store my music long enough for it to enter the public domain!
Posted Monday 15th June 2009 11:08 GMT
Paris Hilton
I for one welcome our Nano Overlords.. #
With there Carbon Nanotube Railguns...
Hmm.. wonder what velocity these projectiles can reach by accidental static discharge???
This topic is closed for new posts.